Glossary AD Alzheimers Disease AKT Protein kinase B APP Amyloid precursor protein ATP Adenosine triphosphate BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor CREB cAMP response element-binding protein CTX Cortex C/EBP CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins EA Erinacine A EB Erinacine B EC Erinacine C EF Erinacine F EL Erinacine L ERK1/2 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 ES Erinacine S EZ1 Erinacine Z1 EZ2 Erinacine Z2 GLT-1 Glutamate transporter 1 GSK-3 Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta HE Hericium erinaceus HEM Hericium erinaceus mycelia HEME Hericium erinaceus mycelia extracts Hip Hippocampus H 2 O 2 Hydrogen peroxide HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1 ICR Institute of Cancer Research IFN- Interferon-gamma IL-6 Interleukin-6 iNOS Inducible nitric oxide synthase JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase LIMK2 LIM domain kinase 2 LPS Lipopolysaccharide MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase MPP+ 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium MPTP 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine NF-B Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells NGF Nerve growth factor Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 NT-3 Neurotrophin-3 OPC Oligodendrocytes progenitor cell PAK1 p21-activated kinase 1 PCR Polymerase chain reaction PI3K Phosphoinositide 3-kinase pCREB Phosphorylated CREB PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses PS1 Presenilin 1 SAMP8 Senescence Accelerated Mouse-Prone 8 SCA3 Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 SD Sprague Dawley SOD1 Superoxide dismutase 1 TBI Traumatic brain injury tBT Tert-butyl hydroperoxide tHI Transient hypoxia-ischemia TNF - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha Trk Tyrosine receptor kinase TrkA Tyrosine receptor kinase A TrkB Tyrosine receptor kinase B Trx Thioredoxin TrxR Thioredoxin reductase References 1 AggarwalN
They are particularly popular among: Individuals with uneven skin tone People with hyperpigmentation or dark spots Those exposed to high sun exposure Individuals looking for a safe, non-surgical skin whitening solution However, a professional consultation is recommended to assess suitability, dosage, and frequency for optimal results
Approximately 85% of an oral dose appears in the urine within 24 hours of administration, most as the glucuronide conjugate, with small amounts of other conjugates and unchanged drug
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2019 :3085756
X-Ray Spectrom
