For people with genetic variants that cause more of an impact on CYP1B1 upregulation combined with an inability to eliminate the estrogen metabolites fast enough (due to phase II genes, diet, and lifestyle) then cigarette smoking is going to significantly increase the bad estrogen metabolites
Abbreviations 8-oxodG: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine 8-oxoGuo: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine ABTS: 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ADP: Adenosine diphosphate Akt: Protein kinase B ALD: Alcoholic liver disease AMPK2: AMP-activated protein kinase 2 ARE: Antioxidant responsive element ASCVD: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease ASD: Autism spectrum disorder ATP: Adenosine triphosphate BAIBA: -Aminoisobutyric Acid BAX: BCL-2-associated X protein Bcl-2: B cell lymphoma-2 BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor BMI: Body mass index CAT: Catalase CCL28: C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 CD31: Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 CHD: Coronary heart disease CHF: Chronic heart failure CL: Cardiolipin CVDs: Cardiovascular diseases CXCL4: C-X-C motif chemokine 4 DCM: Diabetic cardiomyopathy DIC: Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity DMG: N, N-dimethylglycine EcSOD: Extracellular superoxide dismutase eNOS: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase ER: Endoplasmic reticulum ER: Estrogen receptor ETC: Electron transport chain FAO: Fatty acid oxidation FGFR1: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 FGF21: Fibroblast growth factor 21 FNDC5: Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 FOXO3: Forkhead box protein O3 GCH1: Guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I GLUT4: Glucose transporter type 4 GPx: Glutathione peroxidase GSH: Glutathione GSSG: Glutathione disulfide H 2 O 2 : Hydrogen peroxide HF: Heart failure Higd1a: Hypoxia-induced gene domain family member-1a HIIT: High-intensity interval training HO-1: Heme oxygenase-1 Hsp90: Heat-shock protein 90 I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion IDH2: Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 IGF-1: Insulin-like growth factor 1 IL-6: Interleukin-6 IL-10: Interleukin-10 IL-1: Interleukin-1 InsR: Insulin receptor KLF2: Krppel-like factor 2 K V 1: Voltage-gated potassium MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase MCP-1: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 MDA: Malondialdehyde Mecp2: Methylated CpG-binding protein 2 METTL3: N6-adenosine-methyltransferase-like 3 MG53: Mitsugumin 53 MI: Myocardial infarction MICT: Moderate-intensity continuous training MitoQ: Mitoquinone MMP2/9: Matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 MMPs: Matrix metalloproteinases MnSOD: Manganese superoxide dismutase MOTS-c: Mitochondrial open-reading-frame of the 12 S rRNA-c mPTP: Mitochondrial permeability transition pore mtROS: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species NADPH: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NASH: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis NFE2L2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 NO: Nitric oxide Ereg: Epiregulin NOX2: NADPH oxidase 2 NOX4: NADPH oxidase 4 NQO1: NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 Nrf2: Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 NSE: Neuron-specific enolase PAI-1: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 PAR2: Protease-activated receptor 2 PGC-1: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 PINK: PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 PI3K: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase POMC: Proopiomelanocortin PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor RNS: Reactive nitrogen species ROS: Reactive oxygen species SIRT1: Sirtuin 1 SIRT3: Sirtuin 3 SkQs: Cationic plastoquinone derivatives S-NO: S-nitrosylation SOD: Superoxide dismutase SR: Sarcoplasmic reticulum STAT3: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 T2DM: Type 2 diabetes mellitus TAC: Total antioxidant capacity TCA: Tricarboxylic acid TGF-: Transforming growth factor- TNF-: Tumour necrosis factor- UCP2: Uncoupling protein-2 UPR mt : Unfolded protein responses WAT: White adipose tissue YBX1: Y-box binding protein 1 -END: -endorphin GCLC: Catalytic subunit of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase References Xu S, Bai P, Little PJ, Liu P
I liked being able to check purity and batch details before placing the order
Biochem Soc Trans (2006) 34(Pt 2):2237
Alors, quest-ce que le glutathion exactement, et pourquoi suscite-t-il tant dintrt ces derniers temps
